The Pakistan Telecommunications Authority (PTA) has notified the Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNO) Policy Framework, enabling virtual operators to offer nationwide mobile services without owning spectrum. The framework, approved by the federal cabinet, allows MVNOs to provide mobile communication and next-generation services by leveraging the infrastructure of existing licensed mobile network operators (MNOs).
Under the policy, the initial fee for a nationwide MVNO licence has been set at $140,000, or its equivalent in Pakistani rupees, payable upfront. The applicable dollar rate will be calculated at the interbank selling rate on the day preceding payment. MVNOs are defined as operators that do not hold frequency spectrum assignments but provide services to customers through commercial agreements with licensed MNOs after obtaining PTA approval.
The framework permits MVNOs to offer services nationwide and to enter into commercial arrangements with one or more MNOs. Similarly, MNOs may partner with multiple MVNOs. Virtual operators will be allowed to operate under their own brand names, pursue independent marketing strategies, and offer customised services beyond those of the host network. They may deploy their own customer care, billing, and service platforms, while using numbering resources and spectrum assigned to the parent MNO.
However, the policy makes clear that MVNOs will not be eligible for direct spectrum allocation, with spectrum ownership remaining exclusively with licensed MNOs. The move is expected to boost competition, encourage service innovation, expand consumer choice, and enable existing operators to monetise excess network capacity through wholesale arrangements.
MVNOs will be required to comply with PTA safeguards, including the Device Identification, Registration and Blocking System (DIRBS), as well as regulations related to lost or stolen devices. They will also be required to use only the parent MNO’s roaming and interconnection agreements, contribute to the Universal Service Fund (USF) and research and development funds, and adhere to PTA quality-of-service and security standards, similar to licensed telecom operators.
